Lun Yu – Les Entretiens de Confucius

Confucius, dans le village où demeurait sa famille, était très simple ; il semblait ne pas savoir parler. Dans le temple des ancêtres et à la cour du prince, il s'exprimait clairement, mais avec une attention respectueuse.

Couvreur X.1.

Demeanour of Confucius in his village, in the ancestral temple, and in the court.
1. Confucius, in his village, looked simple and sincere, and as if he were not able to speak.
2. When he was in the prince's ancestral temple, or in the court, he spoke minutely on every point, but cautiously.

Legge X.1.

In the local community, Confucius was submissive and seemed to be inarticulate. In the ancestral temple and at court, though fluent, he did not speak lightly.

Lau [10:1]

Dans le palais du prince, il parlait aux inférieurs avec fermeté et sans détours, aux supérieurs avec affabilité et franchise. En présence du prince, il montrait une crainte presque respectueuse, une noble gravité.

Couvreur X.2.

Demeanor of Confucius at court with other great officers, and before the prince.
1. When he was waiting at court, in speaking with the great officers of the lower grade, he spoke freely, but in a straightforward manner; in speaking with those of the higher grade, he did so blandly, but precisely.
2. When the ruler was present, his manner displayed respectful uneasiness; it was grave, but self-possessed.

Legge X.2.

At court, when speaking with Counsellors of lower rank he was affable; when speaking with Counsellors of upper rank, he was frank though respectful. In the presence of his lord, his bearing, though I respectful, was composed.

Lau [10:1b]

Quand il était chargé par le prince de Lou de recevoir les hôtes, l'air de son visage semblait changé et sa démarche accélérée. Pour saluer les hôtes à leur arrivée, il joignait les mains, tournait seulement les mains jointes à droite et à gauche1, sa tunique restait bien ajustée par-devant et par-derrière. En introduisant les hôtes il marchait d'un pas rapide ; tenant les bras un peu étendus, comme les ailes d'un oiseau. Après le départ d'un hôte, il ne manquait pas d'avertir le prince2. Il lui disait : « L'hôte ne tourne plus la tête en arrière3. »

Couvreur X.3.

Demeanor of Confucius at the official reception of a visitor.
1. When the prince called him to employ him in the reception of a visitor, his countenance appeared to change, and his legs to move forward with difficulty.
2. He inclined himself to the other officers among whom he stood, moving his left or right arm, as their position required, but keeping the skirts of his robe before and behind evenly adjusted.
3. He hastened forward, with his arms like the wings of a bird.
4. When the guest had retired, he would report to the prince, "The visitor is not turning round any more."

Legge X.3.

When he was summoned by his lord to act as usher, his face took on a serious expression and his step became brisk. When he bowed to his colleagues, stretching out his hands to the left or to the right, his robes followed his movements without being disarranged. He went forward with quickened steps, as though he was gliding on wings. After the withdrawal of the guest, he invariably reported, 'The guest has stopped looking back.'

Lau [10:2]

En entrant à la porte du palais, il se courbait comme si la porte avait été trop basse pour le laisser passer. Il ne se tenait pas au milieu de l'entrée ; en marchant, il évitait de mettre le pied sur le seuil. En passant auprès du siège du prince1, l'air de son visage paraissait changé et sa démarche accélérée ; les paroles semblaient lui manquer. Il montait à la salle d'audience, tenant sa tunique relevée, ayant le corps incliné, et retenant son haleine comme s'il ne pouvait plus respirer. En sortant, dès qu'il avait descendu le premier degré, son visage reprenait son air accoutumé ; Il paraissait apaisé et joyeux. Arrivé au bas des degrés, il hâtait le pas, comme un oiseau qui étend les ailes. En retournant à sa place, il paraissait éprouver une crainte respectueuse.

Couvreur X.4.

Demeanor of Confucius in the court at an audience.
1. When he entered the palace gate, he seemed to bend his body, as if it were not sufficient to admit him.
2. When he was standing, he did not occupy the middle of the gateway; when he passed in or out, he did not tread upon the threshold.
3. When he was passing the vacant place of the prince, his countenance appeared to change, and his legs to bend under him, and his words came as if he hardly had breath to utter them.
4. He ascended the reception hall, holding up his robe with both his hands, and his body bent; holding in his breath also, as if he dared not breathe.
5. When he came out from the audience, as soon as he had descended one step, he began to relax his countenance, and had a satisfied look. When he had got the bottom of the steps, he advanced rapidly to his place, with his arms like wings, and on occupying it, his manner still showed respectful uneasiness.

Legge X.4.

On going through the outer gates to his lord's court, he drew himself in, as though the entrance was too small to admit him. When he stood, he did not occupy the centre of the gateway;' when he walked, he did not step on the threshold. When he went past the station of his lord, his face took on a serious expression, his step became brisk, and his words seemed more laconic. When he lifted the hem of his robe to ascend the hall, he drew himself in, stopped inhaling as if he had no need to breathe. When he had come out and descended the first step, relaxing his expression, he seemed no longer to be tense. When he had reached the bottom of the steps he went forward with quickened steps as though he was gliding on wings. When he resumed his station, his bearing was respectful.

Lau [10:3]

Il tenait la tablette de jade de son prince1, le corps incliné, comme s'il n'avait pas la force de la soutenir ; il la levait comme pour saluer ; il l'abaissait comme pour en faire offrande. Il avait l'air d'un homme qui tremble de peur. Il levait à peine les pieds en marchant, comme s'il avait cherché à suivre les traces de quelqu'un. En offrant au prince étranger les présents rituels, il avait un air serein. En lui offrant ses propres présents dans une visite particulière, il se montrait encore plus affable.

Couvreur X.5.

Demeanor of Confucius when employed on a friendly embassy.
1. When he was carrying the scepter of his ruler, he seemed to bend his body, as if he were not able to bear its weight. He did not hold it higher than the position of the hands in making a bow, nor lower than their position in giving anything to another. His countenance seemed to change, and look apprehensive, and he dragged his feet along as if they were held by something to the ground.
2. In presenting the presents with which he was charged, he wore a placid appearance.
3. At his private audience, he looked highly pleased.

Legge X.5.

When he held the jade tablet, he drew himself in as though its weight was too much for him. He held the upper part of the tablet as though he was bowing; he held the lower part of the tablet as though he was ready to hand over a gift. His expression was solemn as though in fear and trembling, and his feet were constrained as though following a marked line. When making a presentation, his expression was genial. At a private audience, he was relaxed.

Lau [10:4]

Cet homme honorable ne portait pas de collet à bordure de couleur violette1, ni de collet à bordure brune2. Il ne prenait pas pour ses vêtements ordinaires la couleur incarnat, ni la couleur pourpre3. Pendant les chaleurs de l'été, sous une tunique de chanvre d'un tissu peu serré, il portait une autre tunique4. En hiver, il portait une tunique noire sur une tunique doublée de peau d'agneau noir, ou une tunique blanche sur une tunique doublée de peau de cerf blanc, ou une tunique jaune sur une tunique doublée de peau de renard jaune. La tunique doublée de fourrure qu'il portait ordinairement était longue ; mais la manche droite était plus courte que la gauche5. Les vêtements doublés d'épaisse fourrure de renard ou de martre lui servaient à la maison. Quand il n'était pas en deuil, il portait toujours divers objets suspendus à la ceinture. Quant à sa jupe, celle qui lui servait à la cour ou dans les temples avait des plis à la ceinture ; pour les autres, l'étoffe était deux fois moins large à la ceinture qu'à la partie inférieure. Il ne mettait pas sa tunique doublée de peau d'agneau ni son bonnet noir pour aller pleurer les morts6. À la nouvelle lune, il ne manquait pas de se présenter à la cour en habits de cour.

Couvreur X.6.

Rules of Confucius in regard to his dress.
1. The superior man did not use a deep purple, or a puce color, in the ornaments of his dress.
2. Even in his undress, he did not wear anything of a red or reddish color.
3. In warm weather, he had a single garment either of coarse or fine texture, but he wore it displayed over an inner garment.
4. Over lamb's fur he wore a garment of black; over fawn's fur one of white; and over fox's fur one of yellow.
5. The fur robe of his undress was long, with the right sleeve short.
6. He required his sleeping dress to be half as long again as his body.
7. When staying at home, he used thick furs of the fox or the badger.
8. When he put off mourning, he wore all the appendages of the girdle.
9. His undergarment, except when it was required to be of the curtain shape, was made of silk cut narrow above and wide below.
10. He did not wear lamb's fur or a black cap on a visit of condolence.
11. On the first day of the month he put on his court robes, and presented himself at court

Legge X.6.

The gentleman avoided using dark purple and maroon coloured silk for lapels and cuffs. Red and violet coloured silks were not used for informal dress. When, in the heat of summer, he wore an unlined robe made of either fine or coarse material, he invariably wore it over an under- robe to set it off. Under a black jacket, he wore lambskin; under an undyed jacket, he wore fawnskin; under a yellow jacket, he wore fox fur. His informal fur coat was long but with a short right sleeve. He invariably had a night robe which was half as long again as he was tall. Their fur being thick, pelts of the fox and the badger were used as rugs. Once the period of mourning was over, he placed no restrictions on the kind of ornament that he wore. Other than skirts for ceremonial occasions, everything else was made up from cut pieces. Lambskin coats and black caps were not used on visits of condolence. On New Year's Day, he invariably went to court in court dress.

Lau [10:5]

Lorsqu'il gardait l'abstinence1, il revêtait une tunique de toile qui était réservée pour les jours de purification. La nuit, il prenait son repos enveloppé dans un vêtement qui avait une fois et demie la longueur de son corps. Il changeait de nourriture et d'appartement. Lorsque Confucius se préparait à faire une offrande, il gardait l'abstinence prescrite. Après avoir pris un bain, il revêtait (sur ses vêtements ordinaires) la tunique des jours de purification, afin de conserver son corps pur et net de toute souillure. Cette tunique était de toile. Il avait soin de purifier parfaitement, non seulement son cœur et ses intentions, mais aussi son corps. Au temps de l'abstinence, comme il n'est permis de prendre son repos ni déshabillé, ni revêtu de la tunique des jours de purification, il avait un vêtement spécial qu'il mettait la nuit sur ses vêtements ordinaires. Ce vêtement avait une fois et demie la longueur de son corps, afin qu'il servît à couvrir les pieds. Au temps de l'abstinence, il changeait l'ordinaire de sa table. Il ne buvait pas de boisson fermentée, ne mangeait pas de légumes à odeur forte, de crainte que l'odeur n'obscurcît la clarté de son intelligence. (Tchou Hsi)

Couvreur X.7.

Rules observed by Confucius when fasting.
1. When fasting, he thought it necessary to have his clothes brightly clean and made of linen cloth.
2. When fasting, he thought it necessary to change his food, and also to change the place where he commonly sat in the apartment.

Legge X.7.

In periods of purification, he invariably wore a house robe made of the cheaper sort of material. In periods of purification, he invariably changed to a more austere diet and, when at home, did not sit in his usual place.

Lau [10:6]

Confucius aimait que sa bouillie fût faite d'un riz très pur, et son hachis composé de viande hachée très fin. Il ne mangeait pas la bouillie qui était moisie et gâtée, ni le poisson ni la viande avariés. Il ne mangeait pas un mets qui avait perdu sa couleur ou son odeur ordinaire. Il ne mangeait pas un mets qui n'était pas cuit convenablement, ni un fruit qui n'était pas assez mûr. Il ne mangeait pas ce qui n'avait pas été coupé d'une manière régulière, ni ce qui n'avait pas été assaisonné avec la sauce convenable. Le hachis se fait avec de la viande de bœuf ou de mouton, ou de la chair de poisson, que l'on hache très fin. Le riz bien pur nourrit l'homme ; le hachis grossièrement préparé lui nuit. Pou Ien, ces mots signifient que Confucius trouvait ces aliments très bons, mais non qu'il voulût absolument les avoir tels. Il ne mangeait rien de ce qui pouvait nuire à la santé. Il pensait que la viande devait être coupée d'une manière régulière. Quand elle ne l'était pas, il ne la mangeait pas ; il haïssait le manque de régularité. (Tchou Hsi)
Lors même que les viandes abondaient, il ne prenait pas plus de viande que de nourriture végétale. La quantité de boisson fermentée dont il usait n'était pas déterminée ; mais elle n'allait jamais jusqu'à l'enivrer. Il ne voulait pas de liqueur fermentée ni de viande séchée qui eussent été achetées1. Il avait toujours du gingembre sur sa table. Il ne mangeait pas avec excès. Les grains doivent faire la partie principale de la nourriture. Pour cette raison, Confucius ne mangeait pas plus de viande que d'autres aliments. Les liqueurs fermentées servent à exciter la joie dans les réunions. Confucius ne se prescrivait pas de règle fixe, seulement il évitait l'ivresse, et n'allait pas jusqu'à avoir la raison troublée. Le gingembre éclaircit l'intelligence, et dissipe toutes les impuretés. Confucius en avait toujours sur sa table. [...] (Tchou Hsi)

Couvreur X.8.

Rules of Confucius about his food.
1. He did not dislike to have his rice finely cleaned, nor to have his mince meat cut quite small.
2. He did not eat rice which had been injured by heat or damp and turned sour, nor fish or flesh which was gone. He did not eat what was discolored, or what was of a bad flavor, nor anything which was ill-cooked, or was not in season.
3. He did not eat meat which was not cut properly, nor what was served without its proper sauce.
4. Though there might be a large quantity of meat, he would not allow what he took to exceed the due proportion for the rice. It was only in wine that he laid down no limit for himself, but he did not allow himself to be confused by it.
5. He did not partake of wine and dried meat bought in the market.
6. He was never without ginger when he ate.
7. He did not eat much. [...]

Legge X.8.

He did not eat his fill of polished rice, nor did he eat his fill of finely minced meat. He did not eat rice that had gone sour or fish and meat that had spoiled. He did not eat food that had gone off colour or food that had a bad smell. He did not eat food that was not properly prepared nor did he eat except at the proper times. He did not eat food that had not been properly cut up, nor did he eat unless the proper sauce was available. Even when there was plenty of meat, he avoided eating more meat than rice. Only in the case of wine did he not set himself a rigid limit. He simply never drank to the point of becoming confused. He did not consume wine or dried meat bought from a shop. Even when he did not have the side dish of ginger cleared from the table, he did not eat more than was proper.

Lau [10:7]

[...] Il ne gardait pas même une nuit la viande offerte lors d'un sacrifice de cour. Il ne gardait pas plus de trois jours la viande offerte lors d'un sacrifice ordinaire. Au-delà de trois jours, il ne l'aurait pas mangée. Lorsqu'il avait aidé à faire des offrandes aux morts dans le palais du prince de Lou, il recevait sa part des viandes. De retour à la maison, il les distribuait aussitôt, sans attendre au lendemain, par respect pour les faveurs des mânes, et par honneur pour les dons du prince. Quand il avait fait une offrande dans sa maison, bien qu'il lui fût permis d'attendre un peu, quand il n'avait pu distribuer la viande le jour même, il ne la conservait pas plus de trois jours. Car elle aurait été gâtée, et les hommes ne l'auraient pas mangée. C'eût été traiter sans respect les restes du repas des mânes. (Tchou Hsi)

Couvreur X.8.

Rules of Confucius about his food.
[...] 8. When he had been assisting at the prince's sacrifice, he did not keep the flesh which he received overnight. The flesh of his family sacrifice he did not keep over three days. If kept over three days, people could not eat it. [...]

Legge X.8.

After assisting at a sacrifice at his lord's place, be did not keep his portion of the sacrificial meat overnight. In other cases, he did not keep the sacrificial meat for more than three days. Once it was kept beyond three days he no longer ate it.

Lau [10:8]

[...] En prenant ses repas, il ne discutait pas. La nuit, quand il était couché, il ne parlait pas. Cet homme saint, aux heures des repas, s'occupait de manger ; aux heures du repos, il se reposait. Ce n'était pas alors pour lui le temps de discourir ni de converser. Il ne s'occupait alors que d'une seule chose. [...](Tchou Hsi)

Couvreur X.8.

Rules of Confucius about his food.
[...] 9. When eating, he did not converse. When in bed, he did not speak. [...]

Legge X.8.

He did not converse at meals; nor did he talk in bed.

Lau [10:9]

[...] Même quand il n'avait sur sa table qu'une nourriture grossière et du bouillon aux herbes, il ne manquait pas de faire une offrande aux ancêtres, et il l'offrait toujours avec respect.

Couvreur X.8.

Rules of Confucius about his food.
[...] 10. Although his food might be coarse rice and vegetable soup, he would offer a little of it in sacrifice with a grave, respectful air.

Legge X.8.

Even when a meal consisted only of coarse rice and vegetable broth, he invariably made an offering from them and invariably did so solemnly.

Lau [10:11]

Il ne s'asseyait pas sur une natte posée de travers.

Couvreur X.9.

Rule of Confucius about his mat.
If his mat was not straight, he did not sit on it.

Legge X.9.

He did not sit, unless his mat was straight.

Lau [10:12]

Quand il avait pris part à une réunion où les habitants de son village avaient bu ensemble, il quittait la salle après les vieillards s'appuyant sur une canne1. [...]

Couvreur X.10.

Other ways of Confucius in his village.
1. When the villagers were drinking together, upon those who carried staffs going out, he went out immediately after. [...]

Legge X.10.

When drinking at a village gathering, he left as soon as those carrying walking sticks had left.

Lau [10:13]

[...] Quand les habitants de son village faisaient des supplications pour écarter les maladies pestilentielles, il se tenait en habits de cour au pied des degrés, au côté oriental de la salle.

Couvreur X.10.

Other ways of Confucius in his village.
[...] 2. When the villagers were going through their ceremonies to drive away pestilential influences, he put on his court robes and stood on the eastern steps.

Legge X.10.

When the villagers were exorcizing evil spirits, he stood in his court robes on the eastern steps.

Lau [10:14]

Quand il envoyait saluer un ami dans une principauté étrangère, il s'inclinait deux fois1, puis il conduisait l'envoyé jusqu'à la porte. [...]

Couvreur X.11.

Traits of Confucius's intercourse with others.
1. When he was sending complimentary inquiries to any one in another state, he bowed twice as he escorted the messenger away. [...]

Legge X.11.

When making inquiries after someone in another state, he bowed to the ground twice before sending off the messenger.

Lau [10:15]

[...] Ki K'ang tzeu1 lui ayant envoyé un remède en présent, le Maître s'inclina, reçut le présent, et dit : « Je ne connais pas ce remède2 ; je n'oserai pas le prendre. »

Couvreur X.11.

Traits of Confucius's intercourse with others.
[...] 2. Chi K'ang having sent him a present of physic, he bowed and received it, saying, "I do not know it. I dare not taste it."

Legge X.11.

When K'ang Tzu sent a gift of medicine, [Confucius] bowed his head to the ground before accepting it. However, he said, 'Not kowing its properties, I dare not taste it.'

Lau [10:16]

Son écurie ayant été incendiée, Confucius, à son retour du palais, dit : « Personne n'a-t-il été atteint par le feu ? » Il ne s'informa pas des chevaux.

Couvreur X.12.

How Confucius valued human life.
The stable being burned down, when he was at court, on his return he said, "Has any man been hurt?" He did not ask about the horses.

Legge X.12.

The stables caught fire. The Master, on returning from court, asked, 'Was anyone hurt?' He did not ask about the horses.

Lau [10:17]

Quand le prince lui envoyait un mets tout préparé, il le goûtait sur une natte convenablement disposée1. Quand le prince lui envoyait de la viande crue, il la faisait cuire, et l'offrait aux défunts. Quand le prince lui donnait un animal vivant, il le nourrissait. Lorsqu'il mangeait au palais à côté du prince, au moment où celui-ci offrait des mets aux défunts, Confucius goûtait les mets2. [...]

Couvreur X.13.

Demeanor of Confucius in relation to his prince.
1. When the prince sent him a gift of cooked meat, he would adjust his mat, first taste it, and then give it away to others. When the prince sent him a gift of undressed meat, he would have it cooked, and offer it to the spirits of his ancestors. When the prince sent him a gift of a living animal, he would keep it alive.
2. When he was in attendance on the prince and joining in the entertainment, the prince only sacrificed. He first tasted everything. [...]

Legge X.13.

When his lord gave a gift of cooked food, the first thing he invariably did was to taste it after having adjusted his mat. When his lord gave him a gift of uncooked food, he invariably cooked it and offered it to the ancestors. When his lord gave him a gift of a live animal, he invariably reared it. At the table of his lord, when his lord had made an offering before the meal he invariably started with the rice first.

Lau [10:18]

[...] Quand il était malade et que le prince annonçait sa visite, il plaçait la tête vers l'orient, il mettait sur lui ses habits de cour et étendait la ceinture officielle par-dessus. [...]

Couvreur X.13.

Demeanor of Confucius in relation to his prince.
[...] 3. When he was ill and the prince came to visit him, he had his head to the east, made his court robes be spread over him, and drew his girdle across them. [...]

Legge X.13.

During an illness, when his lord paid him a visit, he would lie with his head to the east, with his court robes draped over him and his grand sash trailing over the side of the bed.

Lau [10:19]

[...] Lorsque le prince l'appelait au palais, il s'y rendait à pied, sans attendre que son char fût attelé.

Couvreur X.13.

Demeanor of Confucius in relation to his prince.
[...] 4. When the prince's order called him, without waiting for his carriage to be yoked, he went at once.

Legge X.13.

When summoned by his lord, he would set off without waiting for horses to be yoked to his carriage.

Lau [10:20]

Le Maître, étant entré dans le temple dédié au plus ancien des princes de Lou, interrogea sur chacun des rites.

Couvreur III.15.

See Book III, Chapter XV
When he entered the ancestral temple of the state, he asked about everything.

Legge X.14.

When he went inside the Grand Temple, he asked questions about everything.

Lau [10:21]

À la mort d'un ami, s'il n'y avait aucun parent pour prendre soin des funérailles, il disait : « Je me charge des obsèques. » [...]

Couvreur X.14.

Traits of Confucius in the relation of a friend.
1. When any of his friends died, if he had no relations who could be depended on for the necessary offices, he would say, "I will bury him." [...]

Legge X.15.

Whenever a friend died who had no kin to whom his body could be taken, he said, 'Let him be given a funeral from my house.'

Lau [10:22]

[...] Quand il recevait des présents de ses amis, fût-ce des chars avec des chevaux, il ne se prosternait pas, à moins que ce ne fût de la viande offerte aux défunts.

Couvreur X.14.

Traits of Confucius in the relation of a friend.
[...] 2. When a friend sent him a present, though it might be a carriage and horses, he did not bow.
3. The only present for which he bowed was that of the flesh of sacrifice.

Legge X.15.

Even when a gift from a friend was a carriage and horses–since it lacked the solemnity of sacrificial meat–he did not bow to the ground.

Lau [10:23]

Couché pour prendre son repos, il ne s'étendait pas dans la position d'un cadavre. À la maison, son maintien n'avait rien de trop grave.

Couvreur X.15.

Confucius in bed [...]
1. In bed, he did not lie like a corpse. At home, he did not put on any formal deportment.[...]

Legge X.16.

When in bed, he did not lie like a corpse, nor did he sit in the formal manner of a guest when by himself.

Lau [10:24]

[...] Lorsqu'il voyait un homme en deuil, fût-ce un ami intime, il prenait un air de compassion. Lorsqu'il voyait un homme en bonnet de cérémonie ou un aveugle, même en particulier, il ne manquait pas de lui donner une marque de respect. Lorsqu'il était en char, s'il voyait un homme en grand deuil, il s'inclinait jusqu'à la barre d'appui. S'il rencontrait un homme portant les tablettes du cens, il s'inclinait de la même manière. Quand on lui avait préparé un grand festin, il se levait et remerciait le maître de la maison. Quand le tonnerre grondait ou que le vent se déchaînait, il blêmissait.

Couvreur X.15.

Confucius in bed, at home, hearing thunder, &c.
[...] 2. When he saw any one in a mourning dress, though it might be an acquaintance, he would change countenance; when he saw any one wearing the cap of full dress, or a blind person, though he might be in his undress, he would salute him in a ceremonious manner.
3. To any person in mourning he bowed forward to the crossbar of his carriage; he bowed in the same way to any one bearing the tables of population.
4. When he was at an entertainment where there was an abundance of provisions set before him, he would change countenance and rise up.
5. On a sudden clap of thunder, or a violent wind, he would change countenance.

Legge X.16.

When he met a bereaved person in mourning dress, even though it was someone he was on familiar terms with, he invariably assumed a solemn expression. When he met someone wearing a ceremonial cap or someone blind, even though they were well-known to him, he invariably showed them respect.
On passing a person dressed as a mourner he would lean forward with his hands on the cross-bar of his carriage to show respect; he would act in a similar manner towards a person carrying official documents.
When a sumptuous feast was brought on, he invariably assumed a solemn expression and rose to his feet.
When there was a sudden clap of thunder or a violent wind, he invariably assumed a solemn attitude.

Lau [10:25]

Lorsqu'il montait en char, il tenait le corps droit, et prenait de la main le cordon [qui aide à monter]. En char, il ne regardait pas en arrière, ne parlait pas avec précipitation, ne montrait rien du doigt.

Couvreur X.16.

Confucius at and in his carriage.
1. When he was about to mount his carriage, he would stand straight, holding the cord.
2. When he was in the carriage, he did not turn his head quite round, he did not talk hastily, he did not point with his hands.

Legge X.17.

When climbing into a carriage, he invariably stood squarely and grasped the mounting-cord.
When in the carriage, he did not turn towards the inside, nor did he shout or point.

Lau [10:26]

À sa vue, l'oiseau s'envole, tournoie, puis se repose. Confucius dit : « Que cette faisane, sur le pont, dans la montagne, sait s'envoler et se reposer à point nommé ! » Tzeu lou s'étant tourné vers elle pour la prendre, elle poussa trois cris, et s'envola1. Si un oiseau remarque si bien tous les indices, l'homme devrait-il aller et venir sans examen ni délibération ? (Tchou Hsi)

Couvreur X.17.

A fragment, which seemingly has no connexion with the rest of the Book.
1. Seeing the countenance, it instantly rises. It flies round, and by and by settles.
2. The Master said, "There is the hen-pheasant on the hill bridge. At its season! At its season!" Tsze-lû made a motion to it. Thrice it smelled him and then rose.

Legge X.18.

Startled, the bird rose up and circled round before alighting. He said, 'The female pheasant on the mountain bridge, bow timely her action is, how timely her action is!' Tzu-lu cupped one hand in the other in a gesture of respect towards the bird which, flapping its wings three times, flew away.

Lau [10:27]